Feed Your Family with Help from a Food Pantry
Introduction to Food Pantry Access in the US
Are you feeling the financial pinch of our shifting economy? Has your employment or income status changed? Do you worry about rising grocery prices and wonder how you'll continue to feed your family on a limited budget?
Food insecurity is the term used to describe limited or uncertain access to adequate nutrition from food.
The following groups are more likely to experience food insecurity:
- Unemployed
- Low-income
- Disabled
- Elderly
Food Pantry Programs Address a Multitude of Health and Social Issues Around Food Insecurity
Certain populations such as those in crowded urban or remote rural settings, for whom proximity to grocery stores and access to transportation limit their access to quality food sources, and who are also on a limited income or lack employment, may be impacted by food insecurity.
These groups, as a result of their food insecurity, may experience an increase in hunger; or, the food that they have access to may not meet basic nutritional quality standards which can negatively impact both physical and mental health.
Another undesirable effect of food insecurity is that individuals in food-insecure households and communities may resort to theft, scavenging, dumpster diving, or hoarding foods that are long past their safe consumption date.
Drivers of poor Mental Health
All of this compromises health and safety and may increase risk of food-borne illness.
A food pantry helps to supplement the diet of low-income Americans, including the elderly, by providing emergency food assistance at no cost.
The food supplied by food pantries is 100% American-grown, as well as meets the USDA's nutritional requirements.
From where do food pantries source their food?
The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) procures high quality, nutritious food from participating vendors throughout the United States.
The food is packed and transported to food banks who then distribute the food packages to local food pantries.
USDA quality standards must also be met, including quantity and variety of foods distributed; proximity of the food vendor to the food bank destination; quality and nutritional value of the food; and criteria and guidelines by which the food is safely procured, packaged, transported, and stored.
Who is eligible for emergency food assistance from a food pantry?
Eligibility for food assistance in the US is based on income. Each US state sets its own income standards and decides which federal, state or local food, health and welfare programs that an individual participates in will also grant them eligibility for the TEFAP emergency food assistance program.
Do I qualify for food assistance from a food pantry?
A food pantry may be a local resource that you qualify for, depending on a few factors. These include income, family size, and an emergency need for this type of relief based on current level of food insecurity.
What federal program manages food pantries throughout the United States?
Food pantries operate under federal criteria established through a US funded program known as TEFAP. The letters TEFAP stand for The Emergency Food Assistance Program.
This program is managed through the US Department of Agriculture and operates at the state level.
How does emergency food assistance work?
The USDA purchases nutritious, high-quality foods that meet basic nutrition guidelines, and distributes this food to participating non-profit agencies at the state level.
Each state receives a specific amount of food that is based on the number of unemployed persons, and number of residents for whom income meets or exceeds a certain percentage of the national poverty level.
At the state level, food banks distribute the food to participating food pantries and soup kitchens. Administrative funds are also supplied by the USDA to individual states via TEFAP, to cover the expense of storing and distributing these foods to the public.
(NOTE: Soup kitchens are not the same as food pantries. Soup kitchens are provided with food which is then prepared on the premises and served to those in need. Individuals who eat at soup kitchens are assumed to be low income and therefore not expected to provide proof of income as in the case of food assistance recipients.)
A food pantry distributes food to eligible recipients who then make use of the food for their household consumption.
To learn more about the TEFAP program, click this link for the updated fact sheet. You can download it in PDF format or just read it.
For a list of food programs available by US State, including TEFAP, visit this link: FNS Contacts | Food and Nutrition Service (usda.gov)
What is Food Insecurity?
You may have come across the term “food insecurity” in your quest for more information about food pantry support in your area of the US.
“Food insecurity is defined by Health.gov as a household-level economic and social condition of limited or uncertain access to adequate food. 1 In 2020, 13.8 million households were food insecure at some time during the year.2 Food insecurity does not necessarily cause hunger,i but hunger is a possible outcome of food insecurity.3 ”
Food insecurity is influenced by:
- Income
- Employment
- Race/Ethnicity
- Disability
- Neighborhood conditions
- Physical access to food
- Lack of transportation
- All of these things contribute to food insecurity among certain populations.
Food insecurity increases risk for obesity, chronic disease in adulthood, and developmental and mental health problems in children.
SOURCE: Food Insecurity – Healthy People 2030 | health.gov
Food security is the goal of the USDA, and it is the opposite of food insecurity.
The USDA website describes food security as follows:
“A household is food secure if all members, at all times, can access enough food for an active, healthy life. At a minimum, food security includes:
- Readily available nutritionally adequate and safe foods, and
- The ability to acquire those foods in socially acceptable ways (without resorting to emergency food supplies, scavenging, stealing, or other coping strategies).”
The USDA is also expanding awareness and community outreach of what is coming to be known as nutrition security:
“Nutrition security means consistent access, availability, and affordability of foods and beverages that promote well-being, prevent disease, and, if needed, treat disease, particularly among racial/ethnic minority, lower income, and rural and remote populations including Tribal communities and Insular areas.”
Their stated objectives for nutrition security in the US:
- “Recognizing that Americans, in general, fall short of an active, healthy lifestyle aligned with federal dietary and physical activity guidelines, and
- Emphasizing equity to ensure our efforts serve all populations to promote access, availability, and affordability to foods and beverages, and address the connection between food insecurity and diet-related chronic diseases.”
SOURCE: Food and Nutrition Security | USDA
Stay tuned for part two of this series on Food Insecurity.
Links you might find helpful:
Homeschooling Dietitian Mom Recommended Resources – Homeschooling Dietitian Mom
Empowering Resources for People Living with Diabetes
