The 3 benefits of the Color of Vegetables discussed here expand to much more. However, to simplify, let's categorize the benefits of the color of vegetables into three broad categories: (post contains affiliate links)
1) Minerals
2) Vitamins
3) Phytonutrients
(This post contains affiliate links).
I. Color Provides Minerals
The four main minerals in vegetables are magnesium, potassium, manganese, and iron.
Magnesium protects against depression and prevents excess blood clots. It also helps the body digest nutrients, and builds strong bones.
Green vegetables include broccoli, spinach, zucchini, asparagus, and cucumber.
Potassium
Potassium and sodium are important for fluid regulation in the cells. When there is enough potassium in the diet, sodium and potassium are in balance. This regulates the amount of fluid your cells hold. However, if not enough potassium is eaten, water retention occurs.
For example, excess water in the cells causes the heart and kidneys to work harder. Sufficient potassium in the diet will fight against high blood pressure and protect the heart and kidneys.
Potassium rich vegetables include potatoes, including sweet potatoes, beet greens, swiss chard, and lima beans.
Manganese
The benefits of manganese include prevention of Epileptic seizures. In addition, manganese helps control blood sugar levels in Diabetics. Manganese is also important for healthy bones and protects against bone fractures.
Vegetables rich in manganese include lima beans, lentils, and green leafy vegetables.
Iron
Iron has been discussed previously. However, it is an important mineral in the formation of healthy red blood cells and for preventing anemia.
Lentils, spinach, chick peas (garbanzo beans), and collard greens are all high in iron. See below for my delicious Lentil Stew recipe.
II. Color Provides Vitamins
Vitamins A, C, B6, and Folate are four vitamins that are abundant in all vegetables, regardless of color.
Vitamin A
Deficiency of vitamin A results in dry skin, eczema, dry eyes, and night blindness. Also, vitamin A deficiency is associated with acne, stunted growth, and infertility.
Vegetables high in vitamin A include kale, pumpkin, carrots, tomatoes, and sweet potatoes.
Vitamin C
As mentioned previously, vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant that fights infection and protects skin cells from sun damage. As a result, deficiency of vitamin C results in scurvy, poor wound healing, reduced immunity.
Vegetables high in vitamin C include broccoli, spinach, tomatoes, and bell pepper
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B6 is essential for protein metabolism and healthy nerve function. Also, vitamin B6 is important in forming red blood cells.
Foods rich in vitamin B6 include carrots and spinach.
Folate
Protects against Birth Defects
III. Color Provides Unique Phytonutrients
I have written previously about phytonutrients. So, I don't want to bore you here. Just a quick summary with a link to the original post will suffice, I hope. 🙂
Lycopene
Lycopenes are found in tomatoes, red bell peppers, beets, and other red vegetables. Click here to read more.
Anthocyanins are found in blue, purple and red vegetables. One interesting tidbit I didn't mention previously is that the anthocyanins change color depending on the pH of the food. For example, science experiments on acid and base result in red cabbage changing color.
Chlorophyll
The fact that chlorophyll is the basis for the green in plants and that it has magnesium at the center of its molecule fascinates me. Read more about chlorophyll here.
Green vegetables include avocado, asparagus, broccoli, spinach, green beans, and green peas.
Anthoxanthins are antioxidants and are found in white/colorless/brown vegetables. So, expect anthoxanthins to be in garlic, onion, mushrooms, parsnips, turnips, radishes, and lentils.
As most of you know, I'm working on education materials. I am designing these materials to help you more easily communicate to your kids the importance of eating fruits and vegetables.
I'm also hoping these materials will help you and your kids meet educational standards requirements. So far, I've produced pre-k to kindergarten fruit color matching and vegetable color matching. When I am finished, there will be something for all ages!
Do you have low magnesium? It is a common condition but shows up more readily in certain populations. Read on to see if you are at risk for low magnesium and what you can do about it.
What Can Cause Low Magnesium:
While this deficiency can happen to anyone. There are certain populations that are more at risk. Below, we look at 10 populations that are most likely to be deficient. We also explore why they have a higher risk, overall.
The Elderly
One reason the elderly are at risk is that older adults tend to consume less magnesium in their diet. Also, as people age, their body is less able to absorb the magnesium in the food they eat.
Another potential cause is high intake of medicines. As people age, the amount of prescription drugs tends to increase. Many of these medications interfere with absorption.
Magnesium deficiencies are associated with several diseases, including Alzheimer's. Unfortunately, multivitamins do not contain 100% of the US Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) of magnesium. So, a supplement may be necessary to prevent deficiency in the elderly.
Children with Autism
Children with autism often have sensory processing and motor issues that affect their choice of food. The diet is often severely limited. What is known as the “white diet” is common. For example, macaroni and cheese, chicken nuggets, apple juice, crackers are common favorites. A diet limited to only white foods is going to be deficient in many nutrients, including magnesium.
If a child is severely limiting their food intake, a multivitamin with minerals is recommended. A magnesium supplement may be necessary as well. Check with your doctor before supplementing with magnesium. Every child's nutrition needs are unique, and too much of one nutrient can negatively affect the status of another nutrient in the body.
People who Restrict Carbohydrates
Many of the foods high in carbohydrates are also high in magnesium. For example, whole grain breads and cereals, beans and peas, and leafy green vegetables are high in magnesium. In contrast, foods that are low in carbohydrates also tend to be low in magnesium. For example, meat and cheese. Thus, if you are on a low carb or ketogenic diet, it may be necessary to supplement your diet with magnesium.
People who Consume Certain Types of Antacids
Two types of antacids, known as Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) and H2 inhibitors, interfere with magnesium absorption. These are medications that reduce the amount of acid produced in the stomach. Reducing acid production increases the pH of the stomach. This in turn decreases the ability of stomach to break down magnesium into a form the body can use. As a result, people taking these types of antacids are at increased risk of deficiency.
People who are diabetic are at risk for magnesium deficiency. In diabetes, blood sugars run high. In an attempt to flush out the extra sugars, the kidneys increase urine production. As a result, there will be an increased loss of important nutrients including magnesium.
People with Crohn’s Disease
Crohn's disease causes many digestive issues including frequent bouts of diarrhea. As a result, magnesium is lost. Crohn's disease also interferes with absorption of magnesium.
People with Intestinal Removal
The intestines are where most of the nutrient absorption occurs. When part of the intestines are removed, or not functioning properly, magnesium absorption is decreased.
People Who are Alcohol Dependent
People who are alcohol dependent don't usually eat a diet sufficient in nutrients. Also, what they do eat gets excreted through the urine. Thus, people who are alcohol dependent are at risk for magnesium deficiency.
People Who Take Thiazide Diuretics
All diuretics cause increased urination to prevent water retention. Thiazide diuretics are used to treat blood pressure. Unfortunately, a side effect is increased loss of important nutrients including magnesium.
Below are the Most Common Generic Names of Thiazide Diuretics:
Chlorothiazide
Metolazone
Indapamide
Hydrochlorothiazide
Chlorthalidone
Methyclothiazide
People Eating the American Diet
The American diet is high in processed foods and refined breads and cereals. It is also high in meat and cheese, and low in whole grains, vegetables, and fruit. The result is inadequate intake of many nutrients, including magnesium.
The Effect of The Refining Process
When whole grain breads are refined to make white bread, the outer bran and germ are removed. The same thing happens when brown rice is refined to make white rice. Most vitamins, minerals and fiber are in the bran and the germ. Thus, most of the nutrients are removed during the refining process.
There is virtually no magnesium, vitamin E, vitamin B6, thiamin, niacin, or folate remaining in the refined product before fortification.
In 1941, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stated that all “fortified” or “enriched” labeled breads, cereals, and rice must include iron, riboflavin, thiamin, and niacin. The folate requirement was added later. Thus, all “fortified” and “enriched” breads are good sources of iron, riboflavin, thiamin, niacin, and folate.
They are NOT, however, good sources of magnesium, vitamin E, or vitamin B6. Thus, the American diet is severely lacking in many nutrients, including magnesium.
Below is a magnesium rich dish for you to try:
Note that you can go into the free myfitnesspal.com app on android or Apple and the QR code in the recipe will work for you.
People have been asking me what they should be feeding their kids who have ADHD. One of the major things you want to try to achieve is a balanced diet.
What I mean by this is, regular meals and healthy snacks, sufficient protein, calcium and iron, and as natural as possible. So, I have put together three healthy alternatives for picky eaters to help make transitions easier.
Three Healthy Alternatives for Picky Eaters
Most kids love macaroni and cheese, chicken nuggets, and don't like vegetables much. This “problem” is exacerbated when the child will only eat macaroni and cheese and chicken nuggets and won't eat vegetables. OR when all they are eating is boxed macaroni and cheese and frozen processed chicken nuggets.
This is often the case for children with autism, ADHD, and sensory processing difficulties. As a result, I have looked for and found three healthy alternatives for picky kids, that hopefully won't be too time consuming or difficult to make. Especially because you can double the recipes and serve as leftovers and/or freeze for a later time.
It's kind of a “Instead of this, Eat that,” scenario.
Healthy Alternatives for Picky Eaters Number 1
Hiding vegetables in sauce by pureeing the sauce and vegetables together.
I discovered a recipe “Hidden Veggie Mac and Cheese” a couple of months ago through Pinterest. We finally made the recipe (I had previously posted the recipe from the website–THIS IS AN UPDATE).
I decided after thinking about it for a few months that this recipe would probably not be successful because of the cauliflower and butternut squash. Our son hates cauliflower, and the texture of squash is just too much for him.
I evaluated the nutrition facts on MyFitnessPal.com last night, after my husband made the macaroni and cheese and my son loved it.
The vitamin A in each serving is increased from about 7% to over 40% from our original homemade macaroni and cheese. This with only 1/2 cup of carrots. I would've liked to add more to the recipe but didn't want to overdo it because my son is so picky.
My son likes macaroni and cheese in all forms, except I have had a tough time recently getting him to accept whole wheat pasta with his cheese. My solution to this problem is to use lentil pasta. This is perfect for those of you who are gluten-free or who are trying to reduce the amount of wheat in your diet.
Lentil pasta is super high in protein, and an excellent source of iron, folate, magnesium, and fiber.
When I cook lentil pasta, I usually cook it a little longer than the package directions say. This is because it doesn't taste as good al dente, and my son complains unless it's just right–past al dente state.
Personally, I think we all could benefit from eating a wider variety of grains and legumes. In fact, I've recently been scratching my head wondering when did we start eating only wheat pasta and bread?
He likes this better than the original mac and cheese recipe
Healthy Alternatives for Picky Eaters Number 2
Making Cream of Fresh Vegetable Soups.
This is one I've been using successfully for years.
Broccoli, carrots, potatoes, and mushrooms all make excellent pureed cream soups. And there are others as well. However, my son likes the broccoli soup the best, especially if I add cheese. (Can anyone say, “Cheese Sauce?”)
Processed chicken nuggets…Not only are they expensive, but most of them are filled with artificial stuff and preservatives galore. Plus, they are high in sodium. So, making homemade chicken nuggets (or tenders if you prefer), is a fantastic way to ensure you child is getting enough protein in their diet. The recipe below can be doubled or tripled, or even cut in half, and the rest can be frozen for future use.
Homemade Chicken Nuggets
Ingredients
2 pounds chicken breast meat (tenders, fillets) cut into 1-inch pieces/squares
Not only is dark chocolate a tasty treat, but it is a nutritional powerhouse. The benefits of dark chocolate are becoming well known, but just in case you haven't heard the good news or would like a reminder. Here is a quick summary.
Benefits of Dark Chocolate
First, let's summarize the specific nutrients provided to your body through a delicious bar of dark chocolate:
One 3-ounce bar of dark chocolate with 70–85% cocoa contains:
11 grams of fiber
67% of the RDA for iron
58% of the RDA for magnesium
89% of the RDA for copper
98% of the RDA for manganese
Potassium
Phosphorus
Zinc
Selenium
Since a full-size dark chocolate candy bar has about 600 calories, you might want to break this up into thirds. Which would provide 200 calories and about:
3 grams of fiber
22% of RDA for iron
19% of RDA for magnesium
Almost 1/3 of your RDA for copper
1/4 of your RDA for manganese
And still contains potassium, phosphorus, zinc, and selenium
Dark Chocolate Contains Fiber
Now what do these nutrients do for you? Well, for starters, fiber is important for healthy digestion and a healthy gut. Most people aren't getting enough fiber. Intake of at least 25 grams of fiber for a woman leads to decreased risk of colon cancer, for example.
Dark Chocolate is a source of iron, magnesium, and potassium.
Iron is extremely important for healthy blood. Iron is part of the hemoglobin molecule which makes up your red blood cells. It is the hemoglobin molecule that enables your blood to carry sufficient oxygen and helps you maintain your energy level. For more on iron, click here.
Potassium is found in all fruits and vegetables, and anything that grows in the ground or on a tree, including nuts, seeds, coffee, tea, and chocolate!
Source of Plant-Based Saturated Fat
Dark Chocolate is high in saturated fat. However, it is plant-based saturated fat, which is much better for you. Besides, the recommended amount of saturated fat per day is 7-10% of total calories. Thus, saturated fat is an important part of a healthy, balanced diet.
In addition, because dark chocolate is plant-based, it does not contain cholesterol. Consumption of chocolate has been shown to lower LDL (bad cholesterol) and increase HDL (good cholesterol).
Dark Chocolate is a Source of Antioxidants and Phytonutrients
Speaking of plant based. Plants are rich sources of antioxidants and phytonutrients, and chocolate is no exception. In fact, dark chocolate is one of the richest antioxidant foods around.
What is the importance of potassium? Potassium levels are closely connected with heart health.
According to WebMD:
“Potassium plays a role in every heartbeat. A hundred thousand times a day, it helps trigger your heart to squeeze blood through your body.
It also helps your muscles to move, your nerves to work, and your kidneys to filter blood.”
So, the importance of potassium cannot be overestimated.
Why do American diets tend to be low in potassium? Diets are low in potassium because fruits and vegetables are the best consistent sources of potassium, and people aren't eating enough fruits and vegetables. For example, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that only 1 out of 10 people are getting enough vegetables in their diet.
So, how do you make sure you and your family are getting enough potassium in your diet? Eat more fruits and vegetables, and other rich sources of potassium, such as nuts, beans, dairy products, and whole grains. Find vegetables and fruits you enjoy, and eat lots of them! For example, I love avocado and broccoli. And my son likes avocado and broccoli as well. Thus, we eat broccoli almost every day, and avocado whenever it's in season.
It is true that the greater the variety of vegetables and fruits you eat, the more healthy your diet will be. However, eating two super healthy vegetables every day is better than NO vegetables! Especially since eating vegetables and fruits every day is the best way to make sure you are getting enough potassium in your diet.
Food Sources of Potassium
The best way to get enough potassium is to eat fruits and vegetables. However, most foods contain at least some potassium:
potatoes, including sweet potatoes (see below for recipe for home made French fries)
dried fruit (raisins, apricots, prunes, and dates)
nuts
dairy products
whole grains
meat and fish
The above foods are all sources of potassium. However, calorie for calorie, vegetables and fruits are, by far, the best sources of potassium. For example, 1 banana has about 422 mg of potassium which is over 10% of the US Recommended amount of 3500 mg, (banana has 100 calories) while 1 cup diced cantaloupe has 417 mg (about 60 calories).
in the bananas and cantaloupe to ground beef, which is a good source of potassium, but is much higher in calories and fat. Of course, lean ground beef can be an important part of a balanced diet. However, ground beef doesn't have the other nutritional benefits of fruits and vegetables (fiber, vitamin c, vitamin a, etc). This is another example of how important variety is in our diet.
Tomatoes and avocados are also rich in potassium in addition to being excellent sources of lots of other vitamins and minerals. For example, a 1/2 cup of canned tomatoes provides about 250 mg potassium, and an avocado has a whopping 945 mg.
Cow's milk is an excellent source of potassium as well. For example, 1 cup serving of nonfat milk contains 382 mg potassium. However, cheese is not such a good source of potassium (1 ounce cheddar only has 20 mg potassium).
This drives home the importance of adding vegetables and fruits to your and your kids' menu, especially if they eat a lot of macaroni and cheese.
Besides being rich in potassium, there are many reasons why vegetables and fruits are important. For more information and ideas on how to encourage your family to eat more fruits and vegetables, click here.
Excessive potassium in the blood can be caused by dehydration, or excessive diuretic use. Dehydration causes loss of water in blood which increases the concentration of potassium in the blood.
Diuretics, especially what are known as potassium-sparing diuretics, are often used for high blood pressure or excessive fluid retention. For example, in conditions such as congestive heart failure or pre-eclampsia of pregnancy. However, these types of diuretics are safe, when used as directed by a doctor. When diuretics can become dangerous, however, is when someone takes large amounts of diuretics to lose weight. This is more common in eating disordered individuals.
So the point is, excessive potassium is not generally a concern in healthy individuals who are following their doctor's orders.
Here are some fun activities you can use to teach your children about the importance of fruits and vegetables for good health.
Not low fat, but still delicious and made from fresh potatoes which are high in Vitamin C and potassium. If you keep the skin on, you also increase the fiber and iron.
Prep Time10 minutesmins
Cook Time15 minutesmins
Total Time25 minutesmins
Course: Side Dish
Cuisine: American
Keyword: frugal, kid friendly recipes
Servings: 4Servings
Calories: 292kcal
Author: Deborah Hanyon, MPH, RDN, ACE-CHC
Ingredients
1CupAvocado oilAmount will depend on size of pan, amount of potatoes made
4LargePotatoesOne potato per person; Russett are best; wash and scrub thoroughly
1tspGarlic SaltLawry's is the one we use because it doesn't have any artificial ingredients
Instructions
Add oil to large non-stick pan
Heat to 375 degrees Fahrenheit
While oil is heating, cut potatoes into wedges. Cut potato in 1/2, and then in 1/2 again, and then 1/2 until wedges are about 3/8' square size.
When oil is ready, add potatoes carefully to pan using a pair of tongs
Cook potatoes until golden brown, about 15 minutes.
Drain on a paper towel covered plate for at least five minutes. Pat french fries with paper towels to remove excess oil.
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